Effects of Excessive Equatorial Cold Tongue Bias on the Projections of Tropical Pacific Climate Change. Part II: The Extreme El Niño Frequency in CMIP5 Multi-Model Ensemble
Under increased greenhouse gas (GHG) forcing, climate models tend to project a warmer sea surface temperature in the eastern equatorial Pacific than in the western equatorial Pacific.This El Niño-like warming pattern may induce an increase in the projected occurrence frequency of extreme El Niño events.The current models, however, commonly suffer